How To Install and Configure OpenStack Client on Linux

OpenStack Client is a command-line tool for OpenStack that brings the command set for Compute, Identity, Image, Object Storage and Block Storage APIs together in a single shell with a uniform command structure. The OpenStack client enables you to interact with OpenStack services over the network via API call.

A pre-requisite for this setup is a working OpenStack Cloud platform. You can check our OpenStack guides for how to articles. If you’re a developer and would like to contribute, the code is hosted on OpenStack’s Git server.

OpenStack Installation guide: Install OpenStack Victoria on CentOS 8 With Packstack

Step 1: Install Python Pip tool

Some Linux distributions include packaged versions of the OpenStack command-line clients that you can install directly, but we’ll install from Pip. Install pip through the package manager for your system:

### Install pip on Debian / Ubuntu ### 
sudo apt update
#Python3
sudo apt install python3-dev python3-pip
sudo pip3 install --upgrade pip
#Python2
sudo apt install python-dev python-pip
sudo pip install --upgrade pip

### Install pip on CentOS / RHEL ###
#Python3
sudo yum -y install python3-devel python3-pip
sudo pip3 install --upgrade pip
#Python2
sudo yum -y install python-devel python-pip
sudo pip install --upgrade pip

### Install pip on Arch / Manjaro ###
sudo pacman -Syy
sudo pacman -S python-pip
sudo pip install --upgrade pip

### Install pip on macOS ###
sudo easy_install pip

Confirm version of pip installed.

#Python3
$ pip3 --version
pip 21.3.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages/pip (python 3.9)

#Python2
$ pip --version

Step 2: Install OpenStack Client on Linux

After installation of Pip, proceed to install OpenStack command-line clients.

#Python3
sudo pip3 install python-openstackclient

#Python2
sudo pip install python-openstackclient

Display more information about installed Openstack Command Line client.

$ pip show python-openstackclient
$ pip3 show python-openstackclient
Name: python-openstackclient
Version: 5.7.0
Summary: OpenStack Command-line Client
Home-page: https://docs.openstack.org/python-openstackclient/latest/
Author: OpenStack
Author-email: [email protected]
License: UNKNOWN
Location: /usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages
Requires: cliff, iso8601, openstacksdk, osc-lib, oslo.i18n, oslo.utils, pbr, python-cinderclient, python-keystoneclient, python-novaclient, stevedore
Required-by:

You should have openstack command in your PATH.

$ which openstack
/usr/local/bin/openstack

Step 3: Configure OpenStack Client on Linux

You can pull OpenStack configuration file from OpenStack Director or create one if you have correct access credentials.

$ vim ~/.keystonerc
unset OS_SERVICE_TOKEN
    export OS_USERNAME='admin'
    export OS_PASSWORD='adminpassword'
    export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.100.10:5000/v3
    export PS1='[\[email protected]\h \W(keystone_admin)]\$ '
    
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

Update variables to match your OpenStack environment. When done, source the file to start using openstack command line tool to administer OpenStack Cloud.

$ source ~/.keystonerc

Your Shell prompt should change to.

[\[email protected]\h \W(keystone_admin)]$ 

Run openstack command to confirm it is working.

[\[email protected]\h \W(keystone_admin)]$ openstack network list
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name                      | Subnets                                                                    |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 900b1ede-3e62-4d73-88d3-b28c129a6bb6 | public                    | c1770934-54bb-4252-928a-c7a41c6e114a                                       |
| da22131e-0b50-46e7-8d35-b18bbb161f1b | mycluster-lww6p-openshift | 6770ab86-2481-46e6-8d29-ab3c6a82b6cc, ec91b5c4-37fd-453f-be02-9ee8327654c2 |
| e406e76f-e89d-42a2-bab1-9c883b2e49aa | private                   | 76ff61dd-0438-4848-a611-f4b4de070164                                       |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

$ openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name                | Status |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| 0850ee38-1bdf-4379-9c69-0cf73e8b7c65 | Arch-Linux-x86_64   | active |
| e98445b6-f14f-488c-a18a-1f66c6de15c7 | CentOS-7-x86_64     | active |
| 7b4b616e-71f3-4419-9777-7aee66fad62c | Cirros-0.4.0-x86_64 | active |
| 8514fea0-3d55-4248-a79f-5c0183f95898 | CoreOS-x86_64       | active |
| 98bbd9e6-abbc-45fa-ac95-b91b7b18ba0a | Debian-9-amd64      | active |
| 113b90b6-4e1e-4715-b9ab-456c191a82b3 | Fedora-30-x86_64    | active |
| 06c17e8a-0d4c-428a-89b5-b0eb2489f403 | Ubuntu-16.04-x86_64 | active |
| 2ba79fa6-2434-4dc6-ad86-0baf29d44c79 | rhcos               | active |
| c3bb11c7-81af-49fe-a26c-a60e9b14585c | rhcos-kvm           | active |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------+--------+

Step 4: Enable OpenStack Bash completion

Use the openstack complete command to generate a bash-completion script.

openstack complete | sudo tee /etc/bash_completion.d/osc.bash_completion > /dev/null

Logout

$ logout
or
$ exit

Then login again to enjoy OpenStack bash completion.

$ openstack network <TAB>
agent     create    flavor    log       meter     rbac      service   show      trunk     
auto      delete    list      loggable  qos       segment   set       subport   unset    

You have learned how to install and configure OpenStack client on a Linux system.